Eficiencia técnica de los hospitales públicos de alta complejidad en Lima Metropolitana y el Callao a través del análisis envolvente de datos, 2010-2014

Abstract

The objective of this research work is: To determine the technical efficiency indices of the highly complex general hospitals of Metropolitan Lima and Callao in the period from 2010 to 2014. The methodology used is the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), by which the technical efficiency and productivity of the Hospitals of Metropolitan Lima and Callao are measured. Data Envelopment Analysis does not incorporate statistical significance. The research is analytical, cross-sectional, retrospective and observational. As the main conclusion of the research, it was found that around 62.5% of the analyzed institutions, those that showed relative technical inefficiency in their production process, presented oversizing of their human resources. Regarding the variations of the components of the Malmquist Index (IPM), it is interesting to see how they acted in the opposite way in the period 2011 and 2012. Thus, while technical efficiency has improved by 4.5%, the production frontier suffered a contraction of 5.6%, which, in terms of the IPM, signifies a negative change in production technology. However, analyzing the hospital situation of that period, no important events have been found that could cause setbacks in production technology; such as deterioration of hospital infrastructure or modifications in investments for the replacement of equipment. Therefore, this negative change is believed to have an exogenous origin produced by a demand shock.