Determinantes de la producción científica de las principales universidades receptoras de canon y regalías, Perú : 2010-2023

Abstract

In 2001, the Peruvian State enacted the Law of Royalties (Law 27506), followed by the creation of the Camisea Socioeconomic Development Fund (FOCAM) and mining royalties in 2004. These laws were designed to ensure that regions where natural resources are exploited benefit from them. In this context, it was established that 5 percent of these resources should be transferred to public universities in these regions, primarily for investment in scientific and technological research. On the other hand, Law 30220, known as the University Act, was enacted in 2014, marking a milestone in the Peruvian university system. This law required universities to meet basic quality standards, making each university eligible for "institutional licensing", a quality seal of education without which they could not continue to operate. Likewise, the role of the research professor is revalued. Thus, this research aimed to measure the impact of royalties, University Act, and the faculty on the scientific output of the main recipient universities during the 2010-2023 period. Through panel data analysis using fixed effects, it was determined that the expenditure of royalties and FOCAM resources did not impact scientific output. In contrast, institutional licensing and the number of professors did have a positive and significant impact.